Correct function of oral and facial muscles is paramount for facial development including jaw shape, tooth alignment and function.
Orofacial myology is the science of restoring normal and mutual interaction of the muscles of the face and mouth, teeth (dentition) and respiration that is the physiological basis of speaking, chewing and swallowing. It’s a program designed to correct orofacial muscle dysfunction and abnormal swallowing patterns.
Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders are any pattern involving oral and/or orofacial muscles that interfere with normal growth, development and function.
What Can Lead to an Orofacial Myofunctional Disorder?
In most cases it is the result of a combination of factors, and may result from any of the following:
Improper oral habits, such as thumb or finger sucking, dummy, blanket, or other toys associated with the habit
Orofacial habits such as nail biting, cheek and lip biting, clothes chewing and grinding of teeth
Restricted airway, which can be due to enlarged tonsils or adenoids, a narrow or vaulted palate, a large tongue, an oversized uvula and/or allergies
Structural or physiological abnormalities such as a restrictive lingual frenum (tongue-tie)
Neurological or developmental abnormalities
Hereditary predisposition to some of the above factors.
These disorders can result in:
Tongue thrusting (abnormal swallowing pattern)
Incorrect tongue rest position
Crooked teeth
Crowded mouths
Mouth breathing
Poor posture
Incorrect mastication (chewing) function
Altered speech patterns
Asymmetrical lip appearance and function
Asymmetrical facial appearance and function
Tongue Thrust involves the thrust of the tongue against or through the teeth during swallowing. An incorrect position of the tongue during the act of swallowing and/or incorrect resting position can contribute to irregular facial development resulting in the malalignment of teeth and other medical problems. A deviated swallow follows with a “duck-neck swallow” action. This repeated action constantly destabilises the neck.
Sucking (thumb, finger, dummy) or biting habits (nails, lips) can create the same type of malalignment. What many parents do not realise is this behaviour can continue well into adulthood causing social problems as well.
These conditions can assist in creating an open mouth, lips apart in the resting posture. This is often referred to as lip incompetence and can detract from a pleasing facial appearance. It can also be seen in children with compromised airways.
Orofacial Myologists
Orofacial Myologists evaluate and treat patients with many orofacial dysfunctions or anomalies, correcting poor muscle function of the lips, tongue, face and neck.
The goal of Orofacial Myology is to assist in the creation, restoration and maintenance of a normal and harmonious musculature environment.
Therapy
Orofacial myofunctional therapy may be recommended for a variety of functional or cosmetic reasons. The therapy program is designed to retrain muscular function and to aid in the creation and maintenance of a healthy, adaptive orofacial environment. It can also help in the retention of the dental and/or orthodontic treatment, enhance appearance and can help maintain optimum dental health for a lifetime of benefits.
Orofacial Myology Therapy Program
All muscles respond better to regular and consistent exercise. Orofacial myology is therapy that deals with changing behaviour and muscle habits formed over a lifetime. The therapy consists of exercises performed for five minutes, two to three times a day. Appointments are scheduled every two weeks where a proficiency assessment is completed. With cooperation and commitment a typical course of treatment takes approximately eight visits for children. A longer course of treatment can be required for adults depending on their symptoms and conditions.
Orofacial Myology Programs Available
Tongue Thrust (deviated swallowing pattern)
Thumb, finger and dummy sucking
Biting habits (nails, lips, cheeks)
Open mouth rest position (incompetent lips)-mouth breathing
Tongue-tie (frenum)
Asymmetrical lip appearance and movement
Asymmetrical facial appearance and movement
Aging face.